ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠭ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ 100 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ «ᠻᠣᠷᠫᠣᠷᠧᠢᠢᠲ᠋ ᠻᠣᠨ᠋ᠸᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠋ᠱᠨ᠌» ᠼᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠲ᠋ᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠨ ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠶ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠴᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠ ᠣᠢᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡ᠃
ᠣᠢᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠦᠳᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠶ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠶ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠴᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠬᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠠᠯᠠ᠃
ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠴᠥᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠭ᠍ᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠲ᠋ᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠤᠭᠢ᠂ ᠢᠨ᠋᠊ᠨᠣᠸᠠᠼ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠭ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
ᠮᠥᠨ «ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ» ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠭᠷᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯᠡ᠃
ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠰᠢ 84 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠥᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ 12 ᠮᠢᠩᠬ᠋ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠶ ᠲᠣᠨᠠ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ 63 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠡ᠃
ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ 341 ᠮᠢᠩᠬ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ 1.9 ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠥᠷᠲᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠ᠃
1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ «ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ» ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠩ᠋ᠭᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠲᠡᠢ᠃
ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 1925 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ «ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ» ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ᠂ 1931 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ «ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ»᠂ 1933 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ «ᠪᠦ᠊᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠢ᠊᠂ ᠮᠣ᠊᠂ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠯᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ»᠂ 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠢᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
1944 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ᠂ 1964 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠋ᠵᠧᠨ᠋᠋ᠧᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠴᠠ᠂ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃
ᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ 1980 ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠥ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ 60 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠻᠣᠮᠪᠢᠨᠠᠲ᠋᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 10.000 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠶ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭ᠍ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ 15 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭ᠍ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 20 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠡᠻᠰᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠋ᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
