ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᢉᠴᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠤᠢᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ “ᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ” ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠷᠫᠤᠷᠧᠢᠢᠲ ᠻᠣᠨᠸᠧᠨᠰᠢᠨ ᠼᠧᠨᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡ᠃
ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ “ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ”᠂ “ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩ᠋ᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠫᠷᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ”᠂ “ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᢉᠵᠢᠯ”᠂ “ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩ᠋ᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᢉᠳᠡᢉᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ”᠂ “ᠭᠣᠣᠯ᠂
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᢉᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ “ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠒᠐᠒᠓” ᠦᠵᠡᠰᠬᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠢ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠦᠵᠡᠰᠬᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᢉᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᢉᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ
XVII ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ “ᠦᠵᠡᠰᠬᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ” ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᢉᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᢉᠴᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠣᠮᠪᠤᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠽᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨᠰᠢᠲᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠨᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ- ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃
ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠳᠠᠢᠢᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠭᠡᠮ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᢉᠴᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨᠠᠭᠤᠪᠢ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᢉᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠮᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠯᠠ᠃
“ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᢉᠦᠳᠡ” ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠮᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠠᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠗᠐ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ᠂ ᠵᠣᠷᠴᠢᢉᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠓᠐ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᢉᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠢᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠑᠕ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᢉᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠯᠣᠵᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᢉᠦᠳᠡ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᢉᠴᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠥᠨᠦᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠡᠷᢉᠦᢉᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠑᠐᠐ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠡ᠃
ᠥᠩᢉᠡᠷᠡᢉᠰᠡᠨ ᠑᠐᠐ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᢉᠧᠣᠯᠤᢉᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᢉᠡᢉᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᢉᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂
ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠣᠮ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
《ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠭᠣᠯᠣᠮᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠥ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠠ ᠃
ᠲᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠥ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠲᠦ 111 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠪᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠢᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠸ ∙ ᠸ ∙ ᠫᠦᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠳᠥ᠄ 《ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠧᠮᠧᠷᠣᠸᠣ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠰᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠲᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠡᠷᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠥ ᠭᠦᠨᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠩ᠋ᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳ ∙ ᠰᠦᠬᠡᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠥ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠥ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ
ᠠᠩ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠩ᠋ᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ 97 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠭ ∙ ᠽᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨᠰᠢᠲᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠯ ∙ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ-ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠤᠨ ᠲ ∙ ᠰᠦᠬᠡᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠥ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠥ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ 26 ᠍ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠩ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠺᠣᠮᠠᠨ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠴᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠺᠣᠮᠠᠨ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠴᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠺᠣᠮᠠᠨ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ 350 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠲ ∙ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ᠄ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠪᠪᠦᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠢᠭ ᠢ 2024 ᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠥ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ
ᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 400 ᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ 100 ᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 1.1 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠺᠦᠪ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠺᠣᠮᠠᠨ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠤ᠊ ∙ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠰᠦ᠋ᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ 《ᠰᠦᠬᠡᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ》 ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠴᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠ᠃
ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠷ 16 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ 309 ᠲᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠭ ᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠴᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠰᠣᠯ ᠠᠸᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠡᠴᠦᠳ ᠲᠥ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠯᠠ
ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ 2228᠂ 2229 ᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ 813᠂ 814 ᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 98᠂ 99 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠡᠴᠦᠳ ᠲᠥ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠠ᠃
ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠰᠣᠳᠤᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠰ ∙ ᠠᠮᠤᠷᠰᠠᠢᠢᠬᠠᠨ
《ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠮᠣᠳᠦ》 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ 680 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ
ᠮᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ》 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠥ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠴᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 680 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠥ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠨ ∙ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠪᠠ᠃
2030 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ᠄
ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ 120 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩ᠋ᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ 20 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ-ᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ 20 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩ᠋ᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ 20 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ 20 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ-ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 52
- 53
- 54
- 55
- 56
- 57
- 58
- 59
- 60
- 61
- 62
- 63
- 64
- 65
- 66
- 67
- 68
- 69
- 70
- 71
- 72
- 73
- 74
- 75
- 76
- 77
- 78
- 79
- 80
- 81
- 82
- 83
- 84
- 85
- 86
- 87
- 88
- 89
- 90
- 91
- 92
- 93
- 94
- 95
- 96
- 97
- 98
- 99
- 100
- 101
- 102
- 103
- 104
- 105
- 106
- 107
- 108
- 109
- 110
- 111
- 112
- 113
- 114
- 115
- 116
- 117
- 118
- 119
- 120
- 121
- 122
- 123
- 124
- 125
- 126
- 127
- 128
- 129
- 130
- 131
- 132
- 133
- 134
- 135
- 136
- 137
- 138
- 139
- 140
- 141
- 142
- 143
- 144
- 145
- 146
- 147
- 148
- 149
- 150
- 151
- 152
- 153
- 154
- 155
- 156
- 157
- 158
- 159
- 160
- 161
- 162
- 163
- 164
- 165
- 166
- 167